Inqubo yokushukwa kwesikhumbakuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuguquleni izikhumba zezilwane zibe izinto eziqinile, ezihlala isikhathi eside ezingase zisetshenziselwe imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kusukela ezimpahleni nasezicathulweni kuya ifenisha nezinye izinto.Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziswa ekushukeni zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izinga nezakhiwo zesikhumba esiqediwe.Ukuqonda izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlukahlukene ezihilelekile enqubweni yokushukwa kwesikhumba kubalulekile kunoma ubani ohileleke embonini yesikhumba.
Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekushukeni isikhumba yisikhumba ngokwaso.Izikhumba zivame ukutholwa ezilwaneni ezinjengezinkomo, izimvu, izimbuzi, nezingulube, ezikhuliselwa inyama yazo kanye neminye imikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo.Izinga lesikhumba lithonywa yizici ezifana nohlobo lwesilwane, ubudala, nezimo esakhuliswa ngazo.Ukucasha okunamabala ambalwa kanye nogqinsi olulinganayo ngokuvamile kukhethwa ukukhiqizwa kwesikhumba.
Ngaphezu kwezikhumba zezilwane, izikhumba zesikhumba nazo zisebenzisa amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene nezinto zemvelo ukuze kube lula inqubo yokushuka.Enye yezinto ezivamile zokushukwa kwesikhumba i-tannin, isakhi se-polyphenolic eyenzeka ngokwemvelo esitholakala ezitshalweni ezifana ne-oki, i-chestnut, ne-quebracho.I-Tannin yaziwa ngekhono layo lokubopha imicu ye-collagen esesikhumbeni sesilwane, inikeze isikhumba amandla aso, ukuguquguquka, kanye nokumelana nokubola.Abakwa-Tanneries bangathola i-tannin ngokuyikhipha ezintweni zezitshalo ezingavuthiwe noma ngokusebenzisa izithako ze-tannin ezithengiswayo.
Enye i-ejenti yokushuka evamile usawoti we-chromium, osetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni isikhumba samanje.I-Chromium tanning iyaziwa ngesivinini nokusebenza kahle kwayo, kanye nekhono layo lokukhiqiza isikhumba esithambile, esithambile esinokugcina umbala okuhle kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-chromium ekushukeni kuphakamise ukukhathazeka kwemvelo ngenxa yamandla emfucumfucu enobuthi nokungcola.Abakwa-Tanneries kufanele bahambisane nemithetho eqinile nezindlela ezihamba phambili zokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokushuka kwe-chromium.
Ezinye izinto zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa enqubweni yokushuka zihlanganisa ama-asidi, izisekelo, nezinto ezihlukahlukene zokushukwa zokwenziwa.Lawa makhemikhali asiza ukususa izinwele nenyama esikhunjeni, alungise i-pH yesisombululo sokushuka, futhi enze kube lula ukubopha ama-tannins noma i-chromium emicu ye-collagen.Abakwa-Tanneries kumele baphathe la makhemikhali ngokucophelela ukuze baqinisekise ukuphepha kwabasebenzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Ngokungeziwe kuma-agent ayinhloko wokushuka, ama-tanneries angasebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene ezisizayo ukuze afinyelele izakhiwo ezithile noma aqedele esikhumbeni.Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise odayi nezingulube zombala, uwoyela namawax ukuze kube nokuthamba nokumelana namanzi, nama-ejenti wokuqeda afana nama-resin nama-polymers ukuze kuthungwe nokucwebezela.Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisizayo kuncike ezicini ezifunwayo zesikhumba esiqediwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yinto yefashini ephezulu noma umkhiqizo ongaphandle oqinile.
Ukukhethwa nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zokushukwa kwesikhumba kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ekhethekile edinga ukuqonda okujulile kwekhemistri, ibhayoloji, nesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo.Abakwa-Tanneries kufanele balinganisele ngokucophelela izici ezifana nezindleko, umthelela wemvelo, nokuthobela imithetho kuyilapho belwela ukukhiqiza isikhumba sekhwalithi ephezulu esihlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe.
Njengoba ukuqwashisa kwabathengi ngezindaba zemvelo kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha kukhula, kuba nentshisekelo ekhulayo emikhubeni yokushuka kwesikhumba esimeme neyobungani nemvelo.Ezinye izimboni zesikhumba zihlola ezinye izinto zokushukwa kwesikhumba ezisuselwe emithonjeni evuselelekayo, njengamagxolo nezithelo ezikhishwe, kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha obufana nokushukwa kwe-enzymatic nemifino.Le mizamo ihlose ukunciphisa ukuthembela kumakhemikhali kanye nokunciphisa indawo yemvelo yokukhiqizwa kwesikhumba.
Sekukonke, izinto zokusetshenziswa zokushukwa kwesikhumba zihlukahlukene futhi zinezimo eziningi, zibonisa umlando onothile kanye nokusha okuqhubekayo embonini yesikhumba.Ngokuqonda nokuphatha ngokucophelela lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa, abakhiqizi besikhumba bangaqhubeka nokukhiqiza isikhumba sekhwalithi ephezulu esihlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi ngenkathi kubhekwana nezinselelo zokusimama kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-14-2024
